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为了掌握新型舰船用材料1561铝合金板类件的成形规律,通过拉伸试验获得了1561铝合金的机械性能特性曲线。通过有限元软件模拟了1561铝合金的多点成形和卸载过程,结果表明:1561铝合金板料在成形过程中易起皱,具有较大的回弹量。采用回弹补偿法和多道次成形工序对某船用曲面件进行多点成形试验,并通过三维扫描和Geomagic软件对成形精度进行了分析,结果表明:采用回弹补偿法和多道次成形方法可以很好地解决曲线的回弹和起皱问题。
In order to grasp the forming rule of 1561 aluminum alloy plate of new type ship, the mechanical property curve of 1561 aluminum alloy was obtained through the tensile test. The multi-point forming and unloading process of 1561 aluminum alloy was simulated by finite element software. The results show that 1561 aluminum alloy sheet is easy to wrinkle during forming and has a large springback. The springback compensation method and multi-pass forming process were used to carry out multi-point forming test on a ship’s curved surface. The forming precision was analyzed by three-dimensional scanning and Geomagic software. The results showed that the method of rebound compensation and multi-pass forming Can be a good solution to the problem of springback and wrinkling curve.