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1914年Boveri提出癌变是体细胞突变的结果,随后一些化学物质诱变性的短测方法发展起来,包括Ames实验、宿主间介细菌测定和哺乳动物体细胞体外转化等。虽然短测所得诱变性和致癌能力之间相关性很高,但并不是100%,因此有必要重新考虑短测的价值和致癌作用机理。代谢活化的重要性除少数具有直接作用的化合物外,其它化合物在诱变性短测系统中必须经过代谢活化,活化系统和试验生物及细胞一样重要。而目前的诱变系统有一个主要的缺陷,即普遍用Sprague Dawly大鼠肝脏标准S_9部分作活化剂,
In 1914, Boveri proposed that carcinogenesis was the result of somatic mutation, followed by the development of short-term methods for mutagenicity of some chemicals, including Ames experiments, host-mediated bacterial assays, and mammalian somatic in vitro transformation. Although the correlation between mutagenicity and carcinogenicity obtained from short-term measurements is high, it is not 100%, so it is necessary to reconsider the value of short-term measurements and the mechanism of carcinogenesis. The importance of metabolic activation With the exception of a few compounds that have a direct effect, other compounds must be metabolically activated in the mutagenicity short-term system, which is as important as the test organisms and cells. However, the current mutagenesis system has a major drawback, namely, the general use of Sprague Dawly rat liver S_9 part as activator,