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目的：探讨非小细胞肺癌（Non－small cell lung cancer NSCLC）组织中K－ras第12密码子点突变与NSCLC发生和发展的相关性。方法：采用针对K－ras基因第12密码子特异点突变方式的引物进行PCR及银染法，分析175例新鲜NSCLC手术切除标本、43例癌旁组织及5例良性肺部疾患组织中K－ras基因第12密码子中CGT、GTT和GAT三种不同点突变方式。结果：175例NSCLC组织中出现K－ras 12密码子GGT→CGT突变率为34．86％（61／175），GGT→GTT突变率40．57％（71／175）及GGT→GAT突变率37．71％（66／175），总突变率为62．3％（109／175）。其中，同时出现CGT／GTT二个点突变为10．1％ 11／109CGT／GAT 9．2％10／109 GTT／GAT 12．8％ 14／109，而 CGT／GTT／GAT均出现突变占23．9％26／109。其中Ⅰ期、 Ⅱ期、Ⅲ期突变率分别为64．3％、56．8％及64．0％，另外腺癌突变率为63．8％、鳞癌为60．5％及腺鳞癌为64．5％因此K－ras点突变与肺癌的分期及病理类型均无相关性（P＞0．05）。然而，37例腺癌突变组中出现GTT／GAT突变率为17．2％ 10／58明显高于鳞癌的3．5％3／86二者具有明显差异（P＜0．01）。43例癌旁组织与5例良性肺部疾患组织均未发现K－ras点突变。结论：K－ras12密码
Objective: To investigate the association between K-ras codon 12 mutation and the occurrence and development of NSCLC in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: PCR and silver staining were performed using primers specific to the point mutation of the 12th codon of the K-ras gene. 175 fresh NSCLC surgical specimens, 43 paraneoplastic tissues, and 5 benign lung diseases were analyzed. There are three different point mutations in CGT, GTT, and GAT in the 12th codon of the ras gene. RESULTS: The GGT → CGT mutation rate of K-ras 12 codon was 34.86% (61/175) in 175 NSCLC tissues, and the GGT → GTT mutation rate was 40.57% (71/175) and GGT → GAT mutation rate. 37.71% (66/175), the total mutation rate was 62.3% (109/175). Among them, two CGT/GTT mutations occurred at the same time as 10.1%, 11/109, CGT/GAT, 9.2%, 10/19, GTT/GAT, 12.8%, 14/109, and CGT. Mutations in both /GTT/GAT accounted for 23.9% and 26/109. Among them, the mutation rates of stage I, stage II, and stage III were 64.3%, 56.8%, and 64.0%, respectively, while the adenocarcinoma mutation rate was 63.8%, squamous cell carcinoma was 60.5%, and adenosquamous carcinoma There was no correlation between the K-ras point mutation and the stage and pathological type of lung cancer (P>0.05). However, the GTT/GAT mutation rate in the 37 cases of adenocarcinoma mutation group was significantly higher than that in the squamous cell carcinoma (17.2%, 10/58, and 3.53/86), respectively (P<0). .01). No K-ras point mutations were found in 43 paracancerous tissues and 5 benign pulmonary disease tissues. Conclusion: K-ras12 password