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目的分析2009年常德市手足口病(HFMD)疫情的特点,为制定防治措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对国家疾病监测报告管理系统中报告的2009年常德市手足口病疫情资料进行统计分析,并进行实验室监测分析。结果 2009年常德市共报告HFMD病例4 785例,发病率为83.63/10万,其中重症病例12例,无死亡病例。发病时间主要在3-7月份,发病年龄以0~5岁儿童为主,男性多于女性(男女性别比为1.71:1);疫情以散发为主,局部地区高发。病原学检测提示,2009年全市以柯萨奇病毒(CoxA16)为主(47.37%),肠道病毒71型(EV71)感染占22.41%,其他肠道病毒占31.03%。疱疹液中肠道病毒检出率(87.50%)最高,其次为肛拭子(60.78%)。结论手足口病的发生存在明显季节、地区、性别、年龄差异,5岁以内婴幼儿是常德市手足口病防控工作重点,开展广泛的健康教育和健康促进工作,对控制手足口病疫情起着至关重要的作用。
Objective To analyze the characteristics of epidemic situation of hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) in Changde city in 2009 and provide scientific basis for making prevention and cure measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of epidemic situation of hand-foot-mouth disease in Changde city in 2009 reported in the national disease monitoring report management system and carry out laboratory monitoring and analysis. Results In 2009, a total of 4 785 cases of HFMD were reported in Changde City. The incidence rate was 83.63 / 100 000, of which 12 were severe cases without any deaths. The onset time was mainly in March-July. The age of onset was mainly children aged 0-5 years, with more males than females (male / female ratio: 1.71: 1). The epidemic was mainly distributed and was endemic in some areas. Etiological tests suggested that in 2009, CoxA16 (47.37%), enterovirus 71 (EV71) accounted for 22.41% and other enteroviruses accounted for 31.03%. Herpes zoster virus enterovirus detection rate (87.50%) was the highest, followed by anal swab (60.78%). Conclusions The occurrence of hand, foot and mouth disease has obvious seasonal, regional, gender and age differences. Infants and young children within 5 years of age are the focus of prevention and control of hand, foot and mouth disease in Changde city. They carried out a wide range of health education and health promotion work. The crucial role.