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为探讨生物炭对江西植烟土壤肥力和烤烟致香物的影响,2015年在江西省信丰县西牛镇进行水稻土和紫色土田间试验,生物炭穴施增施量设置为T1(0 kg hm~(-2))、T2(450 kg hm~(-2))、T3(900 kg hm~(-2))、T4(1350 kg hm~(-2))、T5(1800 kg hm~(-2))五个水平。结果表明:(1)增施生物炭后,水稻土和紫色土速效养分含量,全碳、有机碳、水溶性碳、C/N都有所增加。(2)水稻土pH随着生物炭施用量的增加而增加,T2降低了紫色土pH。(3)增施生物炭提高了紫色土易氧化态碳含量和碳库管理指数,以T2处理效果最为显著,水稻土除T3处理外,其他处理易氧化态碳含量和碳库管理指数均低于T1处理。(4)增施生物炭提高了水稻土有机碳氧化稳定性,降低了紫色土有机碳有机碳氧化稳定性,生物炭在水稻土中更加稳定。(5)施用生物炭对两种土壤不同部位烟叶中性致香物影响不同。(6)施用生物炭后水稻土和紫色土烤烟分别最高增产52.94%和122.75%。综上所述,在水稻土和紫色土中增施生物炭可以提高土壤质量和烤烟产质量,分别以常规施肥增施900 kg hm~(-2)和450 kg hm~(-2)时效果最好。
In order to investigate the effect of biochar on the soil fertility and the aroma of flue-cured tobacco in Jiangxi Province, in 2015, a field experiment was conducted on paddy soil and purple soil in Xiniu, Xinfeng County, Jiangxi Province. The biochar application rate was set as T1 (0 kg T2 (450 kg hm -2), T3 (900 kg hm -2), T4 (1350 kg hm -2) and T5 (1800 kg hm -2) (-2)) five levels. The results showed that: (1) The available nutrients, total carbon, organic carbon, water-soluble carbon and C / N of paddy soils and purple soils increased after the application of biochar. (2) Paddy soil pH increased with the increase of biochar application, while T2 decreased purple soil pH. (3) Adding biochar enhanced the susceptible carbon content and carbon management index of purple soil, and the effect of T2 was the most significant. Paddy soil except for T3 was lower in other treatments than in T3 Tl treatment. (4) The application of biochar enhanced the stability of organic carbon oxidation in paddy soils, reduced the oxidation stability of organic carbon in purple soils, and biochar was more stable in paddy soils. (5) The application of biochar had different effects on neutral aroma of tobacco in different parts of the two soils. (6) The maximum yield of paddy soil and purple soil flue-cured tobacco after applying biochar increased by 52.94% and 122.75% respectively. In conclusion, the application of biochar to paddy soils and purple soils can improve the soil quality and yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco. When applying 900 kg hm -2 and 450 kg hm -2 of conventional fertilization respectively, the best.