步履维艰的必然性 改革是当今人们长期议论的热门话题,改革者或改革措施的实施受挫或面临困境亦为世人所瞩目。如何理性地看待这些困难和挫折,不仅关系到对改革的正确理解和信心的增强,在某种意义上还直接关系到改革的成败。 从总体上讲,事物发展的本性就是在曲折中前进。要前进则必须经过曲折和迂回,而迂回曲折之中又总是体现了前进性。因此,改革事业的步履艰难带有必然性,而设想其能够一帆风顺是不切实际的天真或幼稚。理解了这一点,改革者就能理性地正视“困境”,不为挫折所屈志,不为嘲讽所动心,不为风浪而丧胆。 具体分析看来,改革之步履艰难在于:首先改革是一种变革,并且是一种全方位的变革,它要毅然决然地同旧的体制、旧的观念的决裂,要进行社会利益的重新分配。它不但引起人们既得地位、利益的变化,而且将冲击人们的行为、习惯、心理、观念等。这些变化和冲击将使人们产生一种不适应感,自觉或不自觉地形成某些反感心理。进而造成一种“反冲 The Necessity of Difficulty Reforms are a hot topic of long-term debate in the present day. The reformists or the implementation of reform measures have been frustrated or faced with difficulties and they have also attracted worldwide attention. How to view these difficulties and setbacks rationally is not only related to the correct understanding of the reform and the enhancement of confidence, but also to a certain extent directly related to the success or failure of the reform. In general, the nature of things is twists and turns. To go forward must go through twists and turns, and twists and turns and always reflects the progress. Therefore, it is inevitable for the cause of reform to be struggled hard, and it is unrealistic naive or naive to assume that it will be smooth and smooth. With this understanding, the reformers can reasonably face the “predicament” without giving their frustration, not tempting their heart and not frightening. In terms of concrete analysis, the difficulty of reform is that reform is a change in the first place and an all-round change. It resolutely resolves the old system and old ideas and redistributes social interests . It not only arouses people's vested status and interests, but also affects people's behaviors, habits, psychology and concepts. These changes and shocks will make people feel a sense of discomfort, consciously or unconsciously to form some of the disgusting psychology. This in turn creates a “backlash.”