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1905年的对马海战中,日本联合舰队司令长官东乡平八郎海军大将用航速较高的战列舰压迫俄国战列舰队形,集中火力逐次消灭了俄国排列在战列线的主力舰,取得了海战的胜利。俄国人在战后总结教训时,不得不沉痛地认为东乡的战术代表了未来战列舰决战模式,即首先使用高速分舰群抢占有利阵位,削弱及摧毁敌主力。为此,俄国海军要求立即设计一型能够独立作战的新式装甲巡洋舰,要求可以高速包抄封闭对方战列线,同时集中火力攻击敌先导战列舰,又具备相当的防护能力,以便在敌强火威胁下仍能保存一定的战斗力。随后,俄国海军参谋部要求为波罗的海和黑海两大舰队各组建两支快速装甲巡洋舰总队,每个总队各由4艘舰编成。这样,俄国的所谓“排在战列线中的装甲巡洋舰”就已经具备了战列巡洋舰的基本特征。最早设计战巡的英国海军,规定战巡的任务是用来对付敌人的老式装甲巡洋舰,因而航速很高、但防护性能相应低些。而俄国式的战巡首要目的是对付敌战列舰,因此必然是航速较高,但防护也较强的更具平衡性的军舰。1914年,英国的无敌级战巡在福克兰群岛海战中蹂躏德国装甲巡洋舰可谓得心应手,但在后来日德兰海战中遭遇德国主力舰时却因为防护不足遭受重大损失。因此可以认为,俄国对战列巡洋舰概念的认识要更长远些。
In the 1905 battle against the Marhai Sea, Commander Dong-Ping Hachir, commander of Japan’s United Fleet, used the higher-speed battleship to crush the Russian battleship and concentrated firepower successively to destroy the Russian main battle ships arranged on the battle line and achieved a naval battle victory. When the Russians summed up the lesson after the war, they had to think painfully that Dongxiang’s tactics represented the battle battleship of the future. They first used the high-speed sub-fleet to seize a favorable position and weaken and destroy the enemy’s main force. To this end, the Russian Navy demanded the immediate design of a new type of armored cruiser capable of independent combat, the requirement of being able to cover the opposing frontline at high speed and the simultaneous concentration of firepower on the enemy’s lead battleship and the considerable protection against enemy fire Still able to save a certain combat effectiveness. Subsequently, the Russian Navy’s staff requested the formation of two rapid armored cruiser Corps for the two major fleets of the Baltic and Black Sea, each composed of four ships. In this way, the so-called “armored cruiser line in the front line” of Russia already possesses the basic characteristics of a battlecruiser. The earliest design of the British navy war tour, the provisions of war tour mission is used to deal with the enemy’s old armored cruiser, which high speed, but the corresponding lower protection. The primary purpose of the Russian-style war patrol is to deal with the enemy-battledhip ships. Therefore, it is bound to be a more balanced warship with a higher speed and stronger protection. In 1914, Britain’s invincible class war patrol cruised the German armored cruiser in the Falkland Islands naval warfare. However, when the German main ship was later encountered in the Jutland Sea Battle, it suffered heavy losses because of inadequate protection. Therefore, it can be considered that Russia’s understanding of the concept of a battle cruiser should be further extended.