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目的了解广元市手足口病流行特征与手足口病病原构成及变化情况,为手足口病防控提供科学依据。方法收集2009-2016年广元市手足口病监测数据进行分析,采集2010-2016年广元市临床诊断手足口病病例标本进行核酸检测。结果 2009-2016年广元市共报告手足口病病例11 926例,重症27例,死亡2例,年平均发病率为56.06/10万。发病具有明显季节性,3~7月和11月为发病高峰,发病5岁以下儿童占92.86%,男女性别比为1.56∶1,职业分布以散居儿童、幼托儿童、学生为主。2010-2016年病毒核酸检测阳性率54.60%,其中EV71型核酸阳性占18.82%,CV-A16型阳性占26.36%,其他肠道病毒(非EV71非CV-A16)阳性占54.82%。结论 2009-2016年广元市手足口病发病呈明显上升趋势,重症病例感染仍以EV71为主,其他肠道病毒感染构成比逐年增加已成为近几年流行优势病原体。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease and the composition and changes of hand-foot-mouth disease in Guangyuan and to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods The surveillance data of hand-foot-mouth disease in Guangyuan from 2009 to 2016 were collected and the samples of hand-foot-mouth disease clinically diagnosed in Guangyuan from 2010 to 2016 were collected for nucleic acid detection. Results A total of 11 926 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease were reported in Guangyuan from 2009 to 2016. 27 cases were severe and 2 died. The average annual incidence was 56.06 / 100 000. The incidence was obviously seasonal. The incidence peaked from March to July and November. The incidence of children under 5 accounted for 92.86%. The male-to-female sex ratio was 1.56: 1. The occupational distribution mainly included scattered children, preschool children and students. The positive rate of virus nucleic acid detection in 2010-2016 was 54.60%, of which 18.82% were positive for EV71 and 26.36% for CV-A16, and 54.82% for other enteroviruses (non-EV71 non-CV-A16). Conclusion The incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease in Guangyuan City increased significantly from 2009 to 2016. EV71 was still the most common infectious disease in severe cases. The proportion of other enteroviral infections increased year by year and became the prevalent epidemic pathogen in recent years.