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库车坳陷侏罗系致密砂岩油气藏的勘探日趋重要,其主力烃源岩排烃特征及资源潜力的研究亟待加强。根据排烃门限理论,笔者利用生烃潜力法研究库车坳陷中、下侏罗统煤系烃源岩在不同地质历史时期的排烃特征,并对其资源潜力进行评价。研究表明:库车坳陷中、下侏罗统煤系烃源岩Ⅱ型有机质的排烃门限为0.7%,Ⅲ型有机质的排烃门限为0.8%。该套烃源岩的主要排烃期为康村组和库车组沉积期,属于晚期排烃,地质历史时期主要有3个排烃中心,即克拉苏地区、大北地区及迪那—依南地区。总排烃量和总远景资源量分别为887.06×108t和47.02×108t,其中石油与天然气的远景资源量分别为22.96×108t和3.02×1012 m3。综合分析后认为,侏罗系致密砂岩油气藏以中、下侏罗统煤系烃源岩为主力供烃源岩,具有良好的资源前景。
The exploration of the Jurassic tight sandstone reservoirs in the Kuqa Depression is becoming more and more important. The researches on the hydrocarbon expulsion characteristics and resource potential of the main hydrocarbon source rocks should be strengthened. According to the theory of hydrocarbon expulsion threshold, the authors use the potential of hydrocarbon generation to study the hydrocarbon expulsion characteristics of the Middle and Lower Jurassic coal measure source rocks in different geological history periods in the Kuqa Depression, and evaluate their potential resources. The results show that the hydrocarbon emission threshold of type Ⅱ organic matter in the middle and lower Jurassic coal measures of source rocks in the Kuqa Depression is 0.7%, and that of Ⅲ type organic matter is 0.8%. The main hydrocarbon generation period of this set of source rocks is the sedimentary period of the Kangcun Formation and the Kuche Formation and belongs to late stage hydrocarbon expulsion. There are three major hydrocarbon expulsion centers during the geological history, namely, the Krasu region, the Dabei region and the Dina- South area. Total discharge volume and total long-term resources were 887.06 × 108t and 47.02 × 108t, respectively, of which the long-term resources of oil and natural gas were 22.96 × 108t and 3.02 × 1012m3, respectively. After a comprehensive analysis, it is considered that the Jurassic tight sandstone reservoirs are mainly source rocks of the Middle and Lower Jurassic coal measures and have good resource prospects.