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为提高肾结石并肾盂癌的术前诊断率，总结我科１９８８年４月～１９９４年１０月手术后经病理证实的７例肾结石并肾盂癌病例，并结合文献从发病机理上分析肾结石与肾盂癌的关系，分析术前对肾盂癌漏诊的原因，并结合作者的经验，就如何提高术前肾盂癌的诊断率提出见解。认为：①需提高对肾结石合并肾盂肿瘤的认识，对结石病史较长且较大者应警惕癌变的可能；②术前应做充分检查．尤其对ＩＶＰ患肾不显影者应做Ｂ超或ＣＴ检查；③对可疑患者术前要作尿细胞学及逆行肾盂造影检查。
To improve the rate of preoperative diagnosis of renal calculi and renal pelvis cancer, 7 cases of pathologically confirmed nephrolithiasis and renal pelvic cancer confirmed postoperatively from April 1988 to October 1994 were retrospectively analyzed. The incidence of kidney stones And renal pelvic cancer, analysis of the reasons for missed diagnosis of renal pelvic cancer, combined with the author’s experience on how to improve the diagnosis of preoperative renal pelvic cancer to raise awareness. That: ① need to improve awareness of renal pelvis with renal pelvis tumors, the longer the history of stones and larger should be alert to the possibility of cancer; ② preoperative should do a full check. In particular, IVP patients with renal failure should do B ultrasound or CT examination; ③ suspicious patients preoperative urine cytology and retrograde pyelography.