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基于有限元计算软件MARC,对16 mm厚低合金高强钢激光填丝多层焊温度场和应力场进行了三维数值模拟。利用生死单元法,采用热流密度线性衰减高斯圆柱热源模拟匙孔效应,双椭球模型模拟焊丝受热过程。计算结果与实际结果对比,两者基本吻合。计算结果表明,层间保温能够有效降低接头冷却速度,减小激光填丝焊残余应力,改善厚板多层焊接头性能;多层焊应力集中主要位于中下部焊道及其热影响区;焊接中坡口有收缩趋势,焊后工件有一定角变形。
Based on finite element software MARC, the three-dimensional numerical simulation of temperature field and stress field of multi-layered laser welding of 16 mm low alloy high strength steel was carried out. The life-and-death element method is used to simulate the keyhole effect by using the heat flux linearly attenuating Gaussian cylinder heat source. The double ellipsoid model simulates the heating process of the welding wire. Comparing the calculation results with the actual results, the two basically coincide. The results show that the interlayer insulation can effectively reduce the cooling rate of the joint, reduce the residual stress of the laser welding wire, and improve the performance of multi-layer welded joints; the stress concentration of multi-layer welding is mainly located in the middle and lower weld bead and its heat-affected zone; The groove has a contraction trend, the workpiece after welding a certain angle deformation.