本文简要回顾了近些年来海洋经济贝类育种现状 ,综述了传统的杂交育种和各种现代生物技术如多倍体、转基因和分子标记技术在贝类育种中所取得的成就 ,特别是近年来分子标记技术应用于贝类杂种优势预测 ,群体遗传结构分析和标记辅助选择等。为新品种的培育提供了高效而可靠的手段。该技术的应用可望在较短的时间内改变目前海洋贝类品种培育的落后局面 This review briefly reviews the status quo of shellfish breeding in the marine economy in recent years and summarizes the achievements made by traditional hybrid breeding and various modern biotechnologies such as polyploidy, transgenic and molecular marker technologies in shellfish breeding, especially in recent years Molecular marker technology is applied to the prediction of heterosis in shellfish, population genetic structure analysis and marker-assisted selection. For the cultivation of new varieties provides an efficient and reliable means. The application of this technology is expected to change the backwardness of the cultivation of marine shellfish species in a relatively short period of time