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为考查表面膜的形成过程，在环块磨损试验机上对Ｓｉ３Ｎ４灰铸铁对偶进行不同摩擦路程的磨损试验，在ＳＥＭ下观察灰铸铁试样的摩擦面。用ＡＥＳ，ＸＰＳ，ＦＴＩＲ和ＸＲＤ分析了表面膜的成分、组成与结构，并对其形成机理进行了初步探讨。结果表明，Ｓｉ３Ｎ４在水润滑下，摩擦面上发生了氧化和水解反应；而当Ｓｉ３Ｎ４与灰铸铁配对时，由于石墨对Ｓｉ３Ｎ４氧化和水解产物的吸附，致使摩擦面形成具有一定厚度和面积的含石墨和硅胶的表面膜，表面膜的形成保护了陶瓷和铸铁摩擦面，使其变得很光滑，以致摩擦系数降至０．０２，并使系统磨损率几乎接近于零；当Ｓｉ３Ｎ４与碳钢配对时，由于碳钢没有能力富集Ｓｉ３Ｎ４的氧化和水解产物，故摩擦面不能形成有效的表面膜，所以摩擦系数仍然较高，且系统磨损率亦较大
In order to examine the forming process of the surface film, abrasion test of Si3N4 gray cast iron dual friction pair was carried out on ring block abrasion testing machine, and the frictional surface of gray cast iron sample was observed under SEM. The composition, composition and structure of the surface film were analyzed by AES, XPS, FTIR and XRD. The formation mechanism was also discussed. The results show that the oxidation and hydrolysis reaction of Si3N4 on the friction surface occurs under water lubrication. When Si3N4 is paired with the gray cast iron, the adsorption of Si3N4 on the oxidation and hydrolysis product of graphite leads to the formation of frictional surface with a certain thickness and area Graphite and silica gel surface film, the formation of the surface film to protect the ceramic and cast iron friction surface, making it very smooth, so that the friction coefficient down to 0.02, and the system wear rate is almost close to zero; when Si3N4 and carbon steel Pairing, the carbon steel is not capable of enrichment Si3N4 oxidation and hydrolysis products, so the friction surface can not form an effective surface film, so the friction coefficient is still high, and the system wear rate is also greater