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目的调查十堰市手足口病(HFMD)流行特征及规律,为制定防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对十堰市2008—2012年HFDM流行病学资料进行整理和分析。结果 2008—2012年共报告HFDM病例15 500例,重症病例9例,死亡1例;不同年份发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=2 635.414,P<0.01)。不同县市区年均发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=8 211.234,P<0.01)。发病主要集中在4—6月份,占总病例数的51.19%。患者男女之比为1.64∶1;男女发病构成比差异有统计学意义(χ2=27.600,P<0.01)。病例以4岁及以下儿童为主,共14 255例,占91.97%。职业以散居儿童为主,为10 405例,占67.13%。结论十堰市HFDM发生存在明显的季节性、地区性,应以城区4岁及以下散居儿童为重点防控人群,积极开展健康教育,加强疫情监测和处置力度。
Objective To investigate the epidemic characteristics and rules of HFMD in Shiyan City and provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods Using descriptive epidemiological methods, epidemiological data of HFDM from 2008 to 2012 in Shiyan were collated and analyzed. Results A total of 15 500 HFDM cases, 9 severe cases and 1 death were reported during 2008-2012. The incidence of different years was statistically different (χ2 = 2635.414, P <0.01). The average annual incidence of different counties and cities was statistically significant (χ2 = 8 211.234, P <0.01). The incidence mainly concentrated in April-June, accounting for 51.19% of the total number of cases. The ratio of male to female patient was 1.64:1. There was significant difference in male to female ratio (χ2 = 27.600, P <0.01). The cases were mainly children aged 4 and under, with a total number of 14 255 cases, accounting for 91.97%. Occupation was dominated by scattered children, with 10,405 cases (67.13%). Conclusion There are obvious seasonal and regional HFDM occurrence in Shiyan City. Prevention and control of the population should be focused on diaspore children aged 4 years and younger in urban area. Health education should be actively carried out to strengthen the monitoring and disposal of the epidemic.