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发生于19世纪末的义和团运动,由农民对封建统治阶级的不满逐渐演变为反帝爱国运动,参加斗争的人数之多、范围之广在我国农民运动的斗争史上是空前的,而斗争的内容和形式则体现了爱国主义的特点。一、由阶级斗争向反帝爱国运动的演变义和团运动的渊源可追溯到清初。统治阶级对广大农民残酷的经济剥削和政治压迫,迫使长江以南各省形成了哥老会系统的秘密结社,长江以北各省人民则沿用了起源于宋代的秘密结社——白莲教。他们以这种落后的、带有迷信色彩的组织形式,打着“反清复明”的旗帜,不断进行秘密活动和武装起义。当时斗争的矛头指向清王朝统治者,试图恢复汉族一统天下的局面。
The Boxer Rebellion, which took place at the end of the 19th century, gradually evolved from a farmer’s dissatisfaction with the feudal ruling class into a patriotic anti-imperialist and patriotic movement. The number of participating in the struggle was wide and its scope was unprecedented in the history of the peasant movement in our country. The content of the struggle Forms reflect the characteristics of patriotism. I. Evolving from Class War to Anti-Imperialist Patriotic Movement The origins of the Boxer Rebellion date back to the early Qing Dynasty. The brutal economic exploitation and political oppression of the vast majority of peasants by the ruling class forced the formation of the secret society of the Presbyterian system in the provinces south of the Yangtze River and the secret society of the Song Dynasty originated in the provinces of the north of the Yangtze River. With this backward and superstitious organizational form, they are carrying out the banner of “anti-Ching Ming and Ming Dynasties,” constantly conducting secret activities and armed uprisings. At that time, the spearhead of the struggle was directed at the ruler of the Qing Dynasty in an attempt to restore the Han national unity.