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为给水杨酸(SA)在小麦高产和淀粉品质调优栽培中的应用提供理论依据,2003~2004年度在大田试验条件下以强、中、弱筋三种类型冬小麦品种豫麦34、豫麦49和豫麦50为供试材料,在开花前3 d和开花后7 d喷施浓度分别为0、0.5、1.0和1.5 g/L的SA,研究其对三种类型专用小麦品种籽粒淀粉组成、特性与产量的影响。结果表明,开花期喷施适宜浓度的SA可以提高淀粉含量、淀粉的支/直比例、粘度参数和强筋小麦的膨胀势,有利于小麦淀粉品质的改善,但对不同类型专用小麦的千粒重、籽粒产量和总淀粉产量的调节效应明显不同,即开花期喷施SA可以提高强筋小麦的千粒重、籽粒产量和总淀粉产量,但1.5 g/L SA处理对中筋小麦表现出负效应,与对照相比差异均达极显著水平,对弱筋小麦则无显著调节作用。在本试验条件下,从保证产量和改善小麦淀粉品质的角度来看,对于强筋和弱筋小麦而言,以1.5 g/L SA处理效果最好;而中筋小麦以1.0 g/L SA处理效果最好。
To provide a theoretical basis for the application of salicylic acid (SA) in high-yielding and quality-adjusting cultivation of wheat, three wheat cultivars, Yumai 34, Yumai 34, 49 and Yumai 50 were used as test materials. Spraying at 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 g / L SA on the 3rd day before flowering and 7th day after flowering, , Characteristics and the impact of production. The results showed that the appropriate application of SA at flowering stage could improve the starch content, the branch / straight ratio of starch, the viscosity parameters and the swelling potential of strong gluten wheat, which is beneficial to the improvement of starch quality in wheat. However, The regulation effects of grain yield and total starch yield were significantly different, that is, SA spraying at flowering stage could improve 1000-grain weight, grain yield and total starch yield of strong gluten wheat, but 1.5 g / L SA treatment had negative effect on medium gluten wheat, The difference between the two groups reached a very significant level, but weak gluten wheat had no significant regulation. Under the conditions of this experiment, 1.5 g / L SA was the best for strong gluten and weak gluten wheat, while 1.0 mg / L SA was used for medium gluten wheat in order to ensure the yield and improve the starch quality of wheat. best effect.