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自1888年奠定原发性肝癌(下称肝癌)的现代科学基础(病理学分类)以来,其险恶预后丝毫未变,平均生存期仅2～5月。5年生存率不超过3%。1974年汇总的我国3254例肝癌其晚期(伴黄疸或腹水)比例达52.6%,获手术切除仅占5.3%,一年生存率低达8.6%。全世界肝癌每年导致25万人死亡,其中40%发生在我国,中位年龄47岁,为害之大不言而喻。但自1964年在肝癌病人血中测得甲胎蛋白(AFP),尤其1971年起AFP检测用于人群普查。使肝癌临床研究进入到亚临床期研究,在百年肝癌研究史上第一次出现了真正的曙光。
Since the establishment of the modern scientific basis (pathological classification) of primary liver cancer (hereinafter referred to as liver cancer) in 1888, its treacherous prognosis has not changed, and the average survival period is only 2 to 5 months. The 5-year survival rate does not exceed 3%. The proportion of 3254 cases of liver cancer collected in 1974 in the late stage (with jaundice or ascites) was 52.6%. Only 5.3% of them were surgically removed, and the one-year survival rate was as low as 8.6%. The world’s liver cancer causes 250,000 deaths every year, 40% of which occur in China, and the median age is 47 years old. It is self-evident that the damage is large. However, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was detected in the blood of patients with liver cancer since 1964, and AFP testing has been used for population screening since 1971. The clinical research of liver cancer has entered the subclinical phase of research, and for the first time in the 100-year history of liver cancer research, there has been a real dawn.