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随着经济全球化的发展,中国越来越多地参与国际垂直专业化分工,对中美贸易产生了重要影响。本文计算了中国对美国出口贸易的垂直专业化程度以及其主要的来源国情况,并对中美贸易顺差和垂直专业化程度之间的关系进行了实证分析。研究结果认为,垂直专业化程度增加是中美贸易不平衡不断扩大的一个重要原因,其对中美贸易顺差的贡献度约为50%,其中来自日本、韩国、东盟的部分分别约为20%、5%和10%。
With the development of economic globalization, China is increasingly participating in the international vertical specialization and has had a significant impact on the trade between China and the United States. This paper calculates the degree of vertical specialization of China’s export trade to the United States and its main source countries and makes an empirical analysis of the relationship between the trade surpluses of China and the United States and the degree of vertical specialization. The result shows that the increase of vertical specialization is an important reason for the increasing unbalance of trade between China and the United States. The contribution to the trade surplus between China and the United States is about 50%. Among them, the share from Japan, South Korea and ASEAN is about 20% , 5% and 10%.