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目的探讨一次短暂高原登山引起的脑结构改变。方法对15名厦门大学学生登山队员[男9名,女6名,19~23岁,平均(21.0±1.1)岁]分别于攀登珠穆朗玛峰前、后进行常规T2W及高分辨率全脑3DT1W结构成像;应用SIENA软件分别对登山前、后高分辨率3DT1W结构像进行全脑灰质、白质分割,计算体积萎缩百分率,并进行统计分析;对全脑进行基于体素的纵向脑萎缩评价,获取显著萎缩脑区。结果视觉观察,登山前、后所有登山队员常规T2WI均未发现异常,但脑灰质及白质体积均有明显减少,脑灰质萎缩百分率为(2.70±1.43)%,白质萎缩百分率为(1.43±1.36)%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);基于体素的全脑统计分析发现,萎缩脑区包括左侧额叶、胼胝体压部、双侧颞极、双侧枕叶距状沟周围及双侧小脑半球,以优势半球受损明显。结论高原登山运动可引起脑白质和灰质萎缩,且灰质萎缩更明显。
Objective To investigate the changes of brain structure caused by a brief plateau mountaineering. Methods Fifteen male climbers (9 males and 6 females, 19 ~ 23 years old, mean age (21.0 ± 1.1) years old) from Xiamen University were enrolled in the study. They were performed conventional T2W and high resolution whole brain 3DT1W structures before climbing Mount Everest. Imaging; SIENA software were used before and after mountaineering high-resolution 3DT1W structure like whole brain gray matter, white matter segmentation, calculate the percentage of volume shrinkage, and statistical analysis of the whole brain voxel-based evaluation of longitudinal brain atrophy, access to significant Atrophy brain area. Results Visual observation showed that all the climbers did not find any abnormalities in T2WI before and after mountaineering. However, the volume of gray matter and white matter were significantly decreased, the percentage of gray matter atrophy was (2.70 ± 1.43)%, the percentage of white matter atrophy was (1.43 ± 1.36) %, The difference was statistically significant (P <0.01); voxel-based statistical analysis of the whole brain found that atrophy of the brain area, including the left frontal lobe, corpus callosum pressure, bilateral temporal pole, Bilateral cerebellar hemispheres, with obvious damage to the dominant hemisphere. Conclusions Plateau mountaineering can cause atrophy of white matter and gray matter, and gray matter atrophy is more obvious.