什么叫心理定势呢?有这样一个试验:把蜜蜂和苍蝇装进一个敞开口的玻璃瓶中,将瓶子平放,瓶底朝着窗户。结果蜜蜂不停地在瓶底寻找出口,一直到力竭倒毙或饿死也没有出去;而苍蝇则在两分钟之内,就穿过另一端的瓶颈逃逸了。这个实验中,蜜蜂就是基于“出口就在光亮处”的思维定势,想当然地设定了出口的方位,才没能走出囚室。而那些苍蝇全然没有对亮光的定势,最 What is the psychological set? There is such a test: the bees and flies into an open glass bottle, the bottle flat, bottom toward the window. As a result, the bees kept exiting the bottom of the bottle and did not go out until exhausted or starved, while the fly escaped through the bottleneck at the other end within two minutes. In this experiment, the bees are based on the idea that “the outlet is at the bright place”, and assuming the export orientation is taken as a matter of course, it can not get out of the cell. And those flies totally did not set the light, most