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目的监测河北省不同地区住宅区鼠类消长规律、季节分布和鼠种构成。方法夹夜法和粉迹法。结果共捕获各种鼠类2科4属6种,以褐家鼠为优势种,占60.99%,其次为小家鼠、黑线姬鼠、大仓鼠和黑线仓鼠,分别占25.30%、9.38%、2.89%和0.48%;但不同地区鼠类优势种略有不同。鼠密度高峰期出现在4月和10月。廊坊地区采用不同监测方法的监测结果显示,夹夜法监测鼠平均密度为0.87%;粉迹法监测鼠平均密度为3.36%。石家庄和唐山地区住宅区采用夹夜法监测鼠密度年平均值分别为0.83%和0.67%,两个地区农村的鼠密度均高于城镇。结论褐家鼠是河北省重点防制鼠种。
Objective To monitor the pattern of growth and decline of rodents, seasonal distribution and species composition of rodents in residential areas in different areas of Hebei Province. Method of nocturnal and powder method. Results A total of 6 species of 4 genera and 2 families were captured. Rattus norvegicus was the dominant species, accounting for 60.99%, followed by Mus musculus, Apodemus agrarius, hamster and black hamster, accounting for 25.30%, 9.38 %, 2.89% and 0.48%, respectively; however, the dominant species in different regions are slightly different. Rat density peaked in April and October. The monitoring results of different monitoring methods in Langfang area showed that the average density of mice monitored by the method of Yingying was 0.87%, and the average density of mice monitored by the method of flour was 3.36%. Shijiazhuang and Tangshan residential area using the method of monitoring the rat density night were 0.83% and 0.67%, respectively, the rat density in rural areas in both regions were higher than the town. Conclusion Rattus norvegicus is the focus of prevention and control in Hebei Province.