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一、国内外铁路煤炭运输的发展水平及发展趋势近年来,在世界一些铁路煤炭运输占较大比重的大陆国家中,普遍采用了重载和直达专列的运输组织形式。其水平及发展趋势主要表现在以下几个方面: 1.列车重量。美、加等国重载列车重量一般在6000～17000吨(超重列车在2～3万吨)左右。苏联铁路的运煤专列重量为5000～6500吨有的达1万吨。我国铁路运煤列车重量在干线上为3000～3500吨,最高为3700吨左右。现在,我国货物列车的平均重量同苏联的比例是100比135,相当于苏联1959年的水平;同美国的比例是100∶186,相当于美国四十年代的水平。 2.列车组织方式。在国外多以固定机
I. Development and Trend of Railway Coal Transportation both at Home and Abroad In recent years, among the mainland countries that have a large share of railway coal transportation in the world, the form of transportation organization with heavy load and direct trains has been widely adopted. Its level and development trends mainly in the following areas: 1. Train weight. The weight of heavy-haul trains in the United States, Canada and other countries is generally about 6,000-17,000 tons (over 20,000-30,000 tons of super-heavy trains). Soviet Union coal railway train weight of 5000 ~ 6500 tons of some 10,000 tons. China's railway coal transport train weight in the trunk for the 3000 ~ 3500 tons, up to about 3700 tons. At present, the average weight of freight trains in our country is 100 to 135 with the Soviet Union, equivalent to the level of the Soviet Union in 1959; the ratio with the United States is 100: 186, equivalent to the level of the United States in the 1940s. 2. train organization. In foreign countries to more fixed machine