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一、社会学的学科定位问题目前讨论社会学基本问题中有一个值得注意的现象,就是争论的双方都指责对方“误解”了自己的观点。那么,是什么原因导致了这种误解?有没有双方都是“正确的”可能性呢?笔者认为,产生这种误解的一个主要原因,在于没有明确讨论社会学的定位是“剩余学科”还是“一门经验性实证学科”问题,没有在实质上将这两个学科定位区分清楚。或者说,讨论双方实际上正是分别站在这两个不同的出发点上,才导致了许多误解的产生。“剩余学科”的定位可表述为:社会学是具有“特定”角度的,即“它是(研究)其他社会科学(学科)都涉及,但不作专门研究的东西”(郑杭生,2001:116)。“一门经验性实证学科”的定位可表述为:社会学是具有“特定”角度的,即
First, the disciplinary issues of sociology Currently there is a noteworthy phenomenon in the discussion of the basic issues of sociology, that is, both sides of the debate blame each other for “misunderstood” their own views. So, what led to this misunderstanding? Is there any possibility that both sides are “correct”? The author believes that one of the main reasons for this misunderstanding lies in the fact that there is no clear discussion about the orientation of sociology as “residual Discipline ”or “ An Empirical Empirical Subject ”problem, did not distinguish between these two disciplines in essence. In other words, it is the discussions between the two parties that actually stand separately on these two different starting points, leading to many misunderstandings. “The position of” remaining discipline “can be described as follows: Sociology has a” specific “perspective, that is,” it is (research) something that other social sciences (disciplines) involve but do not make for specialized research “ Zheng Hangsheng, 2001: 116). ”An empirical empirical discipline “ positioning can be expressed as: sociology is ”specific " point of view, that