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中国是一个统一多民族国家,司马迁在《史记》中第一次为中国的少数民族立传,分别记述了中国东南西北四方的少数民族。如果将这些民族传记作为一个整体来看待,可以认为这是在当时历史条件下一部简略的秦汉边疆民族史和民族志,它和以前所有的历史著作中只言片语的民族记载相比,具有划时代的意义,在学术上为中国民族史学的发展奠定了坚实的基础,在政治上对中国统一多民族国家的发展有很大贡献。
China is a unified multi-ethnic country. Sima Qian made his first biography of the ethnic minorities in China in the Records of the Historian, describing the minorities in the four southeastern and northwestern parts of China respectively. If we treat these biographies as a whole, we can think of it as a brief history of the Qin and Han nationalities and ethnographies under the historical conditions at that time. Compared with the biographical records of all previous historical writings, It has laid a solid foundation for the development of Chinese national history in academic terms and made great contributions to the development of China’s unification of multinational nations politically.