《游泳者》是美国当代著名的现实主义小说家约翰·契弗的短篇代表作品。与美国传统的现实主义作家不同,契弗的小说在继承了现实主义创作主旨的前提下,融合了许多现代派小说创作的形式与技巧,使其作品在揭示出现实生活的同时,也具有了浓郁的超现实色彩。以隐喻的手段来表达主题在契弗的小说中经常出现。对未知的事物的描述与理解,必须依赖我们已经知道的概念及其语言表达方式,由此及彼,由表及里,同时还要发挥惊人的想象力,这个过程正是隐喻的核心,它把熟悉和不熟悉的事物作不寻常的并列,从 “Swimmer” is a short representative of John Cheever, a famous contemporary realist novelist in the United States. Different from the traditional American realistic writers, Chevron’s novels inherit the essence of realistic writing and combine the forms and techniques of many modernist novels so that his works reveal the real life as well as Rich surreal colors. The theme of metaphorical expression often appears in Cheff’s novels. The description and understanding of unknown things must depend on the concepts we already know and their language expressions. From this to the other, we must also exert amazing imagination. This process is the core of the metaphor Unusually juxtapose familiar and unfamiliar things