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目的:探讨育龄妇女使用宫内节育器(IUD)避孕失败的原因,并提出预防措施,以提高宫内节育器避孕有效率,保护妇女健康。方法:采用文献法和电话访谈法,对洱源县计划生育服务站2013年5月至2014年4月的168例宫内节育器避孕失败患者,从IUD类型及型号,放置年限,受术者的社会生物学特征,服务质量等方面进行总结分析。结果:168例中,92例因随访或临床症状就诊于洱源县计划生育服务站确诊IUD位置下移择期取出;56例因带器妊娠行人流术时取出;12例因腹痛、流血等副反应取出;4例IUD自行脱落;2例IUD异位至腹腔,经腹腔镜下取出;1例IUD部分异位于宫颈阴道部,经取环钳取出;1例带器宫外孕,转诊上级医院。结论:IUD类型及型号,放置年限,受术者社会生物学特征,服务质量等均为IUD避孕失败的因素。
Objective: To investigate the causes of contraceptive failure in women of childbearing age using IUDs and to provide preventive measures to improve the efficiency of IUD contraceptives and protect women’s health. Methods: By literature method and telephone interview method, 168 cases of contraceptive failure of IUD from May 2013 to April 2014 in Eryuan County Family Planning Service Station were analyzed from the IUD type and type, Social and biological characteristics, quality of service and other aspects of the summary analysis. Results: In 168 cases, 92 cases were followed up or clinical symptoms in Eryuan family planning service station confirmed the removal of IUD position removed; 56 cases due to pregnancy with gestation removed; 12 cases of abdominal pain, bleeding, etc. 4 cases of IUD off itself; 2 cases of IUD ectopic to the abdominal cavity, removed by laparoscopy; 1 case of IUD part of the heterotopic cervix vagina removed by ring forceps; 1 case with ectopic pregnancy, referral to superior hospital . Conclusion: The IUD type and type, the age of placement, the social and biological characteristics of the surgeon, the quality of service and so on are the factors of IUD contraception failure.