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目的观察体质量指数(BMI)变化对血压水平和原发性高血压(EH)发病率的影响。方法血压正常的健康者876例入选队列,于2002-06和2004-06随访测量入选者血压,于2006年对此队列人群进行第2次体检和问卷调查,对持续随访的813例入选者进行分析。观察BMI保持正常组(n=439)、BMI升高组(n=72)、BMI降低组(n=57)、持续高BMI组(n=245)4组研究对象BMI变化对血压水平和高血压发病率的影响。结果与2006年BMI保持正常组比较,BMI升高组的收缩压和舒张压均明显升高[收缩压:(120.6±17.8)比(114.9±14.9)mmHg,P=0.004;舒张压:(79.3±10.7)比(75.7±8.7)mmHg,P=0.002];持续高BMI组的收缩压和舒张压不明显升高[收缩压:(122.2±15.1)比(120.1±17.5)mmHg,P=0.371;舒张压:(80.1±9.7)比(77.6±10.3)mmHg,P=0.094]。与BMI保持正常组比较,BMI升高组高血压风险(RR)为2.067(1.145～3.372,P=0.016)、持续高BMI组1.813(1.203～2.743,P=0.004)。结论即使基线BMI正常的人,在2年内BMI增高到≥25 kg/m2,就会引起收缩压与舒张压明显增加,BMI增加的人发生高血压的危险与基线及随访期间BMI都持续增高的人相似,基线BMI≥25 kg/m2的人,低BMI对舒张压下降有效。
Objective To observe the effect of body mass index (BMI) on the blood pressure and the incidence of essential hypertension (EH). Methods A total of 876 normal healthy subjects were enrolled in the cohort. Blood pressure was measured at follow-up between 2002-06 and 2004-06. A second physical examination and questionnaire survey was conducted on this cohort in 2006, and 813 consecutive follow-up participants analysis. The changes of BMI in normal BMI group (n = 439), BMI elevated group (n = 72), BMI reduced group (n = 57) and persistent high BMI group (n = 245) The impact of blood pressure incidence. Results Compared with the normal BMI group in 2006, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly increased in the patients with elevated BMI [systolic blood pressure (120.6 ± 17.8) vs (114.9 ± 14.9) mmHg, P = 0.004; diastolic blood pressure: (79.3 Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significantly higher in patients with persistent high BMI (systolic blood pressure: (122.2 ± 15.1) vs (120.1 ± 17.5) mmHg, P = 0.371 ; Diastolic pressure: (80.1 ± 9.7) vs (77.6 ± 10.3) mmHg, P = 0.094]. Compared with the normal BMI group, the risk of high blood pressure (RR) was 2.067 (1.145 ~ 3.372, P = 0.016) in high BMI group and 1.813 (1.203 ~ 2.743, P = 0.004) in high BMI group. Conclusions Even if the baseline BMI is normal, increasing BMI to ≥25 kg / m2 within 2 years results in a marked increase in systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The risk of developing hypertension in people with BMI increases consistently with baseline and BMI during follow-up People who have similar baseline BMI ≥25 kg / m2, low BMI effective in reducing diastolic blood pressure.