胃肠道间质瘤(GIST)是新近得以深入认识的肿瘤,尤其在GIST分子生物学研究领域获得的重要进展被迅速运用到临床诊断及治疗中,使基础研究与临床应用紧密结合。GIST的分子遗传学机制也是新型分子靶向治疗的研究和应用获得成功的又一典范,因此,GIST日益受到学者们的广泛关注,文章主要对GIST的分子生物学研究进展作一介绍。 Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is a newly recognized tumor. In particular, important advances in the field of molecular biology of GIST have been rapidly applied to clinical diagnosis and treatment, making the combination of basic research and clinical application closely related. The molecular genetic mechanism of GIST is another example of the successful research and application of new molecular targeted therapy. Therefore, GIST is attracting more and more scholars’ attention. The article mainly introduces the progress of GIST molecular biology.