羊水栓塞是指在分娩、中期妊娠引产或钳刮过程中,羊水进入母体血循环,引起肺动脉血管栓塞,并反射性引起肺血管收缩,出现右心衰竭、休克、播散性血管内凝血(DIC)等一系列严重症状的综合征。虽然发病率不高,但死亡率很高。据综合报道,因羊水栓塞所致的产妇死亡约占产妇死亡总数的1/7～1/4,居产科死亡原因的第五位。一、病因羊水进入母体血循环是发生羊水栓塞的直接原因。本病绝大部分发生于胎膜破裂之后,胎膜破裂提供了羊水进入母体血循环的机会,但能否发病,还要取决于子宫腔的压力和进入母体的通道。使宫腔压力增高的因素有:急产、宫缩过强和使用催产素或前列腺素引产时引起的高张力性宫缩等。羊水 Amniotic fluid embolism refers to the amniotic fluid into the maternal blood circulation, induced pulmonary embolism, and reflex induced pulmonary vasoconstriction, right heart failure, shock, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) And a series of symptoms of severe syndrome. Although the incidence is not high, but the mortality rate is high. According to comprehensive reports, maternal mortality due to amniotic fluid embolism accounted for about 1/7 ~ 1/4 of the total number of maternal deaths, the fifth cause of death in obstetrics. First, the cause of amniotic fluid into the maternal circulation is the direct cause of amniotic fluid embolism. The vast majority of the disease occurs after the rupture of membranes, rupture of membranes provides the opportunity for amniotic fluid into the maternal blood circulation, but the incidence, but also depends on the pressure in the uterine cavity and access to the maternal. Uterine pressure to make the factors: acute birth, contractions too strong and the use of oxytocin or prostaglandin induced labor induced high-tension uterine contractions. Amniotic fluid