水雷是一种往往被军事首脑们忽视的兵器,但它在海湾战争这场高技术局部战争中发挥了显著的作用:伊拉克拥有的90多艘舰艇,不仅未毁伤多国部队任何兵力,反而在20多天的战争中几乎全军覆没,而其布放的一千多枚老式水雷不仅重创美国3艘作战舰艇,而且对多国部队造成严重的心理威胁,限制了其海上兵力行动。随着微电子技术的发展和应用,近十多年来水雷技术获得了新发展,其性能有了显著的提高,微处理机控制的智能化水雷均采用了模块式结构,能预置各种功能参数,并提高了信号处理精度,增强了水雷识别目标的能力。但在现役水雷中新式水雷为数不多,库存仍以老式锚雷和沉底雷为主,只有少数国家拥有特种水雷,如自导鱼水雷、自航式水雷、火箭助推上浮水雷、遥控主动攻击水雷等。 Mines, a weapon often overlooked by military leaders, have played a significant role in the high-tech local war in the Gulf War: more than 90 Iraqi ships have not only damaged any of the multinational force, but instead have been at 20 The multi-day war was almost completely annihilated, and the more than a thousand old mines it deployed not only inflicted three U.S. battleships, but also posed a serious psychological threat to the multinational force and restricted its operations at sea. With the development and application of microelectronic technology, the mine technology has gained new development over the past ten years and its performance has been significantly improved. The microprocessor-controlled intelligent mine has adopted a modular structure and can be pre-configured with various Function parameters, and improve the signal processing accuracy, enhance the ability of the mine to recognize the target. However, there are only a few new mines in active mines. The inventories are still dominated by old-fashioned anchors and submerged mines. Only a few countries own special mines such as self-piloting mines, self-propelled mines, rocket-propelled mines, remote-controlled active Attack mines and so on.