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景观格局是地貌格局、土壤格局、水资源格局、植物分布格局及生产力格局等的综合。根据地质、地貌和区域景观特征,可将重庆岩溶区划成三大景观区:渝东北中山区(I)、渝东南中低山区(Ⅱ)、渝中平行岭谷低山丘陵区(Ⅲ)。各景观分区景观格局特征主要表现为:景观多样性指数分别为Ⅰ区1.38、Ⅱ区1.35、Ⅲ区1.77;各景观分区的人工干扰指数分别为Ⅰ区0.33、Ⅱ区0.69和Ⅲ区0.95,人工干扰的程度按照区域代码顺序依次增强;景观均匀度、优势度和丰富度密度分别为Ⅰ区0.49、1.43和0.0005,Ⅱ区0.48、1.46和0.0003,Ⅲ区0.63、1.04、0.0025;景观变化态势按照景观分区代码Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的顺序表现为耕地、居民工矿用地和水域面积比例呈明显递增,而林地、草地呈现明显递减的,园地分布比例为Ⅲ区远大于Ⅰ、Ⅱ区;未利用地比例出现Ⅱ区最小,Ⅲ区最大的现象。
Landscape pattern is the combination of landscape pattern, soil pattern, water pattern, plant pattern and productivity pattern. According to the characteristics of geology, landform and regional landscape, the karst areas in Chongqing can be divided into three major landscape areas: Zhongshan (I) in northeastern Chongqing, middle and low mountain areas in southeastern Chongqing (Ⅱ) and hilly area in Linggong parallel to Yuzhong (Ⅲ). The landscape pattern features of landscape zoning are as follows: the index of landscape diversity is 1.38 in area Ⅰ, 1.35 in area Ⅱ, 1.77 in area Ⅲ and 1.77 in area Ⅲ respectively; the artificial disturbance index of each landscape partition is 0.33 in area Ⅰ, 0.69 in area Ⅱ and 0.95 in area Ⅲ, The degree of disturbance increased according to the order of regional codes. The landscape uniformity, dominance and richness were 0.49, 1.43 and 0.0005 in area Ⅰ, 0.48, 1.46 and 0.0003 in area Ⅱ and 0.63, 1.04 and 0,025 in area Ⅲ respectively. The landscape change trend was in accordance with The order of landscape partition code Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ is cultivated land. The proportions of industrial and mining land and water area of residents increase obviously, while the woodland and grassland decrease obviously. The proportion of garden area is far greater than that of areas Ⅰ and Ⅱ in area Ⅲ; The ratio of Ⅱ area appears the smallest, Ⅲ area the largest phenomenon.