城垣,是我国古代城市的重要标志。它是伴随着城的产生而出现,作为城的防御设施而存在。随着历史的推进,城的功能和各类设施日见完备,城垣也在不断地完善中,在城垣上逐渐出现了一些旨在加强城市防御能力的附属设施,诸如见之于我国古代文献记载的城堞(女墙)、城隅(角楼)、台城(马面)、城阙(象魏)、闉闍(瓮城)等等。近些年来,学术界对我国古代城市的发展史加强了研究和讨论,但涉及到早期城垣,往往只着重于城垣的平面形制,构筑方法,而对城垣上的附属设施,注意不够。本文主要以考古资料为基础,结合文献记载,探索我国古代早期城垣上城堞、城隅、马面、城阙和瓮城的产生历史,并以此抛砖引玉,与同仁相与析。 City wall, is an important symbol of our ancient city. It is accompanied by the emergence of the city, as a city defensive facilities exist. With the advancement of history, the city’s functions and various facilities are becoming more and more complete. The walls are constantly being improved. Some auxiliary facilities designed to strengthen the defensive capabilities of the cities are gradually emerging on the wall of the city, such as those found in ancient Chinese records (Wall), the corner of the city (turret), Taiwan city (horse surface), the city Que (like Wei), 闉 闍 (Urn) and so on. In recent years, academia has intensified research and discussion on the history of the development of ancient cities in our country. However, when it comes to the early urban landscapes, it usually focuses on the flat shapes and methods of building the urban walls while not paying enough attention to the auxiliary facilities on the urban walls. Based on the archaeological data and the literature records, this paper explores the historical origins of Chenghuang, Chengyu, Mamei, Que and Urn in the early stage of the ancient city wall in China.