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正常情况下胰岛β细胞的分泌产物为胰岛素、等克分子量的C肽和少量未转化的前胰岛素。经短暂的循环时间后(T(1/2)为6～10分钟),胰岛素即可与靶细胞完成其生物作用,包括促进糖代谢这一主要效应。若一定量的胰岛素达不到预期的生物效应,即为胰岛素抗拒。从胰岛素的产生、循环到与靶细胞作用,其中任一环节异常都可影响胰岛素的作用,按已知病因机制,目前一般分为如下三大类,而每一类又可分一些亚类。
Normal pancreatic β-cell secretion products of insulin, the molecular weight of C peptide and a small amount of unconverted proinsulin. After a short cycle time (T (1/2) is 6 to 10 minutes), insulin completes its biological effects with target cells, including the primary effect of promoting glucose metabolism. If a certain amount of insulin does not reach the expected biological effect, it is insulin resistance. From the insulin production, recycling and the role of target cells, any of which can affect the abnormalities of insulin action, according to the known etiological mechanisms, the current general is divided into the following three categories, and each category can be divided into sub-categories.