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对居民自有住房服务进行的虚拟住房租金的估算通常是国内生产总值核算中金额最大的虚拟计算。本文介绍了日本和中国GDP核算中对虚拟住房租金的估算方法及其修订变迁,并对两个国家的相关统计数据进行了详细的比较。比较结果显示,第一次经济普查前中国的居民自有住房服务被严重低估,即使现在也仍然有很大低估的可能性。而日本现行的分地区的核算方法,也许会为中国今后改进虚拟住房租金估算方法提供借鉴。
Estimates of virtual housing rentals for residential self-owned housing services are usually the largest amounts of virtual computing in GDP accounting. This article introduces the estimation methods and revisions of the virtual housing rent in Japan and China’s GDP accounting, and compares the relevant statistical data of the two countries in detail. The comparison shows that before the first economic census, China’s own-owned residential services were seriously underestimated, and even now there is still a great possibility of underestimation. However, the current sub-region accounting method in Japan may provide reference for China in the future to improve the estimation method of virtual housing rent.