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历史唯物主义是马克思主义哲学的重要组成部分,是马克思“科学思想中的最大成果”。历史唯物主义的创立不仅捣毁了唯心主义的最后一个避难所——历史观上的唯心主义,使唯物主义得到了彻底贯彻,从而为哲学的发展开辟出一条崭新的发展道路,更重要的是从此给人们提供了一种新的看待社会历史现象的哲学思维方法——历史唯物主义方法。正是在这个意义上,普列汉诺夫才宣称“唯物史观首先具有方法论的意义”,列宁也说历史唯物主义“从来没有企求说明一切,而只企求指出‘唯一科学的’(马克思《资本论》中的话)说明历史的方法”。但是对于历史唯物主义方法,长期以来人们虽然常常讲到,但专门的研究和论述却不多,以致对什么是历史唯物主义方法,历史唯物主义方法究竟包含一些什么内容等,人们理解得并不深刻,这不能不说是一种遗憾。本文试图就历史唯物主义方法的特征及其体系作一初步探讨,以求专家指教。
Historical materialism is an important part of Marxist philosophy, and it is Marx's “biggest achievement in scientific thought.” The establishment of historical materialism not only destroyed the last asylum of idealism-the idealism of history, but also completely implemented the materialism, thus opening up a brand new path of development for the development of philosophy. More importantly, It provides people with a new method of philosophical thinking about historical phenomenon of society - the method of historical materialism. It is in this sense that Plekhanov claimed that “the materialist conception of history is firstly of methodological significance.” Lenin also said that historical materialism “never sought to explain everything but sought to point out that 'the only scientific' Capitalism ”) to illustrate the way of history." However, for historical materialism, people often talk about it for a long time, but there is not much research and discussion on it, so what is the historical materialist method and what historical materialism method contains? People do not understand Profound, can not but say that this is a pity. This article attempts to make a preliminary discussion on the characteristics of historical materialism and its system in order to seek the advice of experts.