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通过适当改造,加强生产管理,延迟焦化装置可以加工一定比例的沥青质,既可解决脱油沥青的出路问题,又通过提高溶剂脱沥青装置的负荷,为企业创造经济效益。但沥青质特性复杂,将对焦化装置加工处理造成影响。通常,掺炼沥青质后,焦化装置原料残炭值、沥青质含量增加,混合不均匀,易导致输送原料管道堵塞;亦存在焦炭塔空高降低、泡沫层高度增加,大油气线结焦、产品夹带焦粉,影响下游装置安稳运行,以及轻质液体收率下降,气体、石油焦产率上升,管道腐蚀等问题。对此,提出以下应对措施:在原料进入焦化装置缓冲罐前,增设原料静态混合器;依据原料分析结果,适当掺混轻质油浆;优化消泡剂加注;加强原料性质监测;进行材质升级,加强装置易腐蚀点监控力度。某炼厂原油加工能力800×104t/a,年产减压渣油约200×104t/a,主要依靠延迟焦化装置和溶剂脱沥青装置加工。焦化装置掺炼进料总量7%的沥青质后,可使溶济脱沥青装置增加负荷19×104t/a,为企业增效3800万元。
Through appropriate transformation and strengthening of production management, the delayed coking unit can process a certain proportion of asphaltenes, which can not only solve the outlet problem of deoiled asphalt but also create economic benefits for the enterprise by increasing the load of the solvent deasphalting unit. However, the asphaltene characteristics are complex and will affect the coking unit processing. Ordinarily, after the asphaltene is blended, the carbon residue value and the asphaltene content of the raw material of the coking unit increase and the mixture is uneven, which easily leads to blockage of the conveying raw material pipe. There is also a decrease in the height of the coke tower, an increase in the height of the foam layer and coking of the product line Entrained with coke powder, affecting the smooth operation of downstream devices, as well as the decline in the yield of light liquid, gas, petroleum coke production rate increased, pipe corrosion and other issues. In response, the following measures should be taken: adding a static mixer for raw materials before the coking unit buffer tank is put into operation; light oil slurry is appropriately blended according to the result of raw material analysis; filling of defoamer is optimized; raw material quality is monitored; Upgrade, strengthen the monitoring point of vulnerability of the device. A refinery crude oil processing capacity of 800 × 104t / a, an annual output of about 200 × 104t / a vacuum residue, mainly rely on delayed coking unit and solvent deasphalting unit processing. Coking unit after blending the total amount of asphaltene 7%, can dissolve the deasphalting device to increase the load 19 × 104t / a, 38 million yuan for business synergy.