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谭嗣同对生灭问题十分关注,这在戊戌启蒙思想家乃至在近代哲学家中是罕见的。他之所以关注生灭问题,最急切也最现实的目的是为了论证平等。尽管如此,生灭观在谭嗣同那里与其说属于平等或启蒙思想,毋宁说是哲学观、人生观和知行观的一部分。他对生灭的论证从作为宇宙本原的仁入手,延展到万物存在、人生本相和知行关系,不仅在谭嗣同的哲学中一以贯之、提纲挈领,而且展示了谭嗣同与同时代人迥异其趣的致思方向和价值旨归。有鉴于此,深入探究他的生灭观,既有助于理解谭嗣同的哲学观,又有助于洞彻其哲学的独特性。
Tan Sitong is very concerned about the issue of birth and death, which is rare among the enlightenment thinkers of the 1898 and even modern philosophers. The reason why he focuses on the problem of life and death is that the most urgent and most realistic purpose is to demonstrate equality. Nonetheless, the view of life and death is not so much a part of Tan Sitong as that of equality or enlightenment, but rather a part of philosophy, outlook on life and conception of knowing. His argument of life and death, starting from its original purpose as a benevolence of the universe, extends to the relationship between all things, the essence of life and the relationship between knowing and acting. It not only consistently and synoptically shows the philosophy of Tan Sitong, but also shows how Tan Sitong and his contemporaries were totally different. Think of the direction and value of the return. In view of this, in-depth exploration of his view of life and death not only helps to understand Tan Sitong’s philosophy, but also helps to thoroughly understand the uniqueness of his philosophy.