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以海州露天矿排土场为研究对象,选取工程复垦、人工种植林地(榆树、刺槐和紫穗槐)和天然草地3种恢复措施作为修复地,以荒裸地作为对照,研究恢复措施对土壤酶活性和土壤微生物量的影响,探讨生态恢复措施对排土场土壤质量的改善情况.结果表明,在同一土层中,修复地土壤脲酶、蛋白酶、蔗糖酶、碱性磷酸酶的活性和土壤微生物量显著高于荒裸地(P<0.05),人工林地和天然草地在提高上述4种土壤酶活性方面显著高于工程复垦地(P<0.05),工程复垦能够显著提高土壤过氧化氢酶活性(P<0.05),却不能显著提高土壤微生物量(P<0.05).表层土壤中,微生物量C/N比值表现为人工林地和天然草地显著高于其他土壤(P<0.05),深层土壤则为荒裸地最高.从垂直分布上看,土壤酶活性和土壤微生物量C、N随着土壤深度的增加而降低.相关分析表明,土壤酶活性和微生物量与土壤养分含量之间密切相关,说明土壤酶活性和微生物量可以作为评价排土场土壤质量的生物学指标.3种恢复措施对土壤质量的改善能力依次为人工林地>天然草地>工程复垦地,在林种的选择上为乔木>灌木.
Taking Haizhou opencast mine dump as the research object, three kinds of restoration measures such as reclamation, artificially planted woodland (Elm, Robinia pseudoacacia and Amorpha fruticosa) and natural grassland were selected as the restoration sites, and the restoration measures On the soil enzyme activities and soil microbial biomass, and to explore the ecological restoration measures to improve soil quality in the dump site.The results showed that in the same soil layer, the activity of soil urease, protease, invertase, alkaline phosphatase And soil microbial biomass were significantly higher than the bare land (P <0.05), artificial forest and natural grassland in improving the above four kinds of soil enzyme activity was significantly higher than the reclamation (P <0.05), reclamation can significantly improve the soil Catalase activity (P <0.05), but not significantly increase the soil microbial biomass (P <0.05) .In topsoil, the microbial biomass C / N ratio was significantly higher in plantation and natural grassland than in other soils ), While that in deep soil was the highest.According to the vertical distribution, soil enzyme activities and soil microbial biomass C and N decreased with the increase of soil depth.Correlation analysis showed that soil enzyme activities and microbial biomass were positively correlated with soil nutrient content It Closely related to the soil enzyme activity and microbial biomass can be used as a biological indicator to evaluate the quality of soil in the dump site.The improvement ability of the three restoration measures on soil quality followed by artificial forest land> natural grassland> reclamation land, The choice for the tree> shrubs.