本文介绍了在由快装锅炉改装成热水锅炉的水动力模化试验台上进行了冷热态水动力模拟试验。文中介绍了试验装置的设计原则,并用图和表格清楚地说明了国内四种典型回水布置方式的水动力特点。试验结果表明,锅筒单侧进水并保持原有自然循环的回水布置方式其水动力工况是比较好的,有利于防止管板漏水(或焊缝拉裂),也有利于防止锅筒底部鼓疱。试验结果已初步用于指导快装锅炉型热水锅炉的设计和改造。 This article describes the hot and cold state hydrodynamic simulation test on a hydrodynamic model test bench converted from a fast boiler to a hot water boiler. The paper introduces the design principle of the test device, and clearly shows the hydrodynamic characteristics of the four typical backwater arrangements in China by using charts and tables. The experimental results show that the hydrodynamic condition of the drum is better when the drum is unidirectional and maintains the original return circulation arrangement of the natural circulation, which is good for preventing water leakage of the tube plate (or cracking of the weld seam) and preventing the pan Tube blister at the bottom. The test results have been initially used to guide the design and modification of the fast-boiling boiler.