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以西南喀斯特地区4种造林树种茶条木(Delavaya toxocarpa)、樟叶槭(Acer albopurpurascens)、狗骨木(Cornus wilsoniana)、无患子(Sapindu smukorossi)为研究对象,分12个月每月于自然条件下利用Li-6400便携式光合测定系统测定了植物叶片气孔气体交换的相关特征和环境因子的日变化,以分析树种的生态适应性。结果表明:4种植物的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)日变化趋势均呈“双峰”曲线,中午出现光合“午休”均为非气孔因素限制,12:00~15:00光合速率降低则主要受气孔因素限制;水分利用效率(WUE)总体上呈递减趋势,傍晚CO2升高在一定程度上促进了水分利用效率的提高;对Pn影响最为显著的生态生理因子为Par、Gs,其次为Ci、Rh、Ta;茶条木、狗骨木Pn、WUE均相对较高,4种植物的初步适应性评价为:茶条木>狗骨木>樟叶槭>无患子。
Four species of Delavaya toxocarpa, Acer albopurpurascens, Cornus wilsoniana and Sapindus smukorossi in the southwest karst region were divided into two groups, Natural conditions, Li-6400 portable photosynthesis system was used to determine the leaf stomatal exchange characteristics and environmental factors of plant leaf diurnal variation in order to analyze the ecological adaptability of tree species. The results showed that the diurnal variation trend of net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs) and transpiration rate (Tr) of all four plants showed “double peak” curve, noon appeared “photosynthesis” Stomatal limitation, the decrease of photosynthetic rate at 12: 00-15: 00 is mainly limited by stomatal factors; the WUE generally shows a decreasing trend, and the increase of CO2 in the evening promotes the improvement of water use efficiency to a certain extent; Pn and Ws were the highest, Pn and WUE were the highest, and P and Ws were the second highest, and Pn and WUE were the highest. The preliminary adaptability of four species of plants were as follows: Dog bone wood> Zhang Ye maple> Sapindus.