目的　探讨单纯疱疹病毒性脑炎 (HSE)的早期临床诊断和治疗。方法　回顾 2例以不常见临床症状起病的HSE的临床资料并结合文献复习进行分析。结果　在病毒学检查结果为阴性的情况下 ,根据临床表现、脑电图和MRI的异常所见作出临床诊断 ;应用抗病毒和抗癫药物治疗效果好。结论　HSE以不常见精神异常、Kluver Bucy综合征为唯一临床表现 ,根据脑电图 (EEG)、核磁共振检查 (MRI)可作出早期临床诊断 ,定期的MRI随访有利于进一步证实诊断和判断预后。在治疗时 ,无环鸟苷的治疗时间应依据临床症状的恢复和EEG的改善情况灵活掌握 ;卡马西平对精神异常及Kluver Bucy综合征有良好的控制作用 Objective To investigate the early clinical diagnosis and treatment of herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE). Methods Two cases of HSE with uncommon clinical symptoms were retrospectively analyzed and analyzed with literature review. Results in the virological test results were negative, according to clinical manifestations, EEG and MRI abnormalities seen to make a clinical diagnosis; use of anti-virus and anti-epileptic drugs treatment effect. Conclusions HSE is an uncommon mental disorder and Kluver Bucy syndrome is the only clinical manifestation. According to EEG and MRI, early clinical diagnosis can be made. Regular MRI follow-up is helpful to confirm the diagnosis and prognosis. In the treatment, acyclovir treatment time should be based on the recovery of clinical symptoms and EEG to improve the situation flexible grasp; carbamazepine on mental disorders and Kluver Bucy syndrome has a good control