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对未成年学生伤害事故正确处理的关键是明确学校与未成年学生的法律关系,确立正确的归责原则等。义务教育阶段公立学校与未成年学生之间是单一的教育、管理和保护关系;民办学校与未成年学生之间既有教育、管理和保护的法律关系,又存在教育服务合同关系。未成年学生的伤害事故,公立学校应承担侵权责任;民办学校承担责任的性质,由未成年学生的监护人选择。无民事行为能力学生的伤害事故,由学校承担举证责任。限制民事行为能力学生,从事与其年龄、智力相适应的行为造成的伤害事故,由未成年学生及其监护人承担举证责任;从事与其年龄、智力不相适应的行为造成的伤害事故,由法官根据具体情况裁量举证责任的承担。特定情况下,可将公平责任原则作为必要补充。
The key to the correct handling of minor student injury accidents is to clarify the legal relationship between the school and the minor students and establish the correct principle of imputation. Compulsory education between public schools and minors students is a single relationship between education, management and protection; between private schools and minors in both the legal relationship between education, management and protection, education services and the existence of contractual relations. Public schools should bear tort liability for minor students’ injuries; the nature of responsibility assumed by private schools should be chosen by the guardian of a minor student. Students without civil capacity injuries, the burden of proof by the school responsibility. Restrictions on civil capacity of students, engaged in their age, intelligence and behavior to adapt to the injury caused by the accident, by the minor students and their guardians bear the burden of proof; engaged in their age, intelligence incompatible behavior caused by the injury by the judge on the basis of specific The burden of proof burden on the situation. Under certain circumstances, the principle of fair responsibility can be supplemented as necessary.