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以某型号深孔钻镗床床身为研究对象,为实现床身轻量化设计要求,提出了一种将响应面模型和多岛遗传算法相结合的优化设计方法。通过对床身的静、动态特性分析,确定了以床身体积最小为优化目标,以床身最大变形、首阶固有频率为约束条件的优化模型。利用最优拉丁超立方试验设计方法在设计空间内产生样本数据点并进行数值模拟。采用最小二乘法建立了二次多项式响应面近似模型,并利用多岛遗传算法对响应面模型进行优化。结果表明:在保证机床性能的情况下,床身质量减小了11.2%,实现了床身的轻量化设计。
Taking a deep hole drilling and boring machine bed as a research object, an optimization design method combining response surface model and multi-island genetic algorithm is proposed in order to realize the lightweight design of the bed. Through the analysis of the static and dynamic characteristics of the bed, the optimized model with the minimum bed volume as the optimization target, the maximum deformation of the bed and the natural frequency of the first order constraint was determined. The optimal Latin hypercube design method was used to generate sample data points in the design space and perform numerical simulation. The quadratic polynomial response surface approximation model was established by least square method and the response surface model was optimized by using multi-island genetic algorithm. The results show that the quality of the bed is reduced by 11.2% while the performance of the machine tool is guaranteed, which realizes the lightweight design of the bed.