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运用第二次经济普查单位地理编码数据分析了北京市就业密度变化特征,并对就业中心功能进行了分析。北京市就业中心整体上仍呈现单中心格局特征,多中心格局虽有显现但并不明显。本文共识别出中关村片区、金融街片区和CDB片区等三个就业中心片区和上地、首都机场、曙光街道等十二个就业次中心。依据专业行业就业人口数量指标、区位熵指标,就业人口占同行业比例指标,将北京市就业中心分为7种类型,即大型企业集聚型就业中心、临空经济集聚型就业中心、制造业集聚型就业中心、批发零售集聚型就业中心、商务商业集聚型就业中心、金融集聚型就业中心、科研教育集聚型就业中心。传统就业中心因集聚效益、集群效应和锁定效应使范围进一步扩大,密度显著提高,中心功能也日益复杂,细分行业分化明显。
Using the second economic census unit geocoding data analysis of Beijing's employment density characteristics of change, and employment center functions were analyzed. The employment center in Beijing still shows the characteristics of single-center pattern as a whole. Although the multi-center pattern appears, it is not obvious. This article identifies a total of three Zhongguancun Area, Financial Street Area and CDB Area three employment center area and the Shangdi, Capital Airport, Twilight streets and other employment centers. According to the number of employed persons in professional trades, location entropy index and the proportion of employed persons in the same industry, the employment centers in Beijing are divided into seven types: large-scale enterprise agglomeration-type employment center, airport economy agglomeration-type employment center, manufacturing agglomeration Type employment center, wholesale and retail agglomeration type employment center, commercial and business agglomeration type employment center, financial agglomeration type employment center, and research and education agglomeration type employment center. Due to the agglomeration efficiency, cluster effect and lock-in effect, the traditional employment centers further expanded the scope, remarkably increased the density, and the central functions were increasingly complicated. The differentiation of the sub-sectors was obvious.