天然免疫中,宿主通过Toll样受体(TLR)识别病原体中的病原相关分子格局(PAMPs)来介导免疫应答的产生及相关细胞因子的分泌。鞭毛蛋白系细菌鞭毛的主要成分及毒力因子,可被飞蝇、植物、哺乳动物的天然免疫系统所识别。已知TLR5具有TLR同源域,可与CD4胞外区融合,造成TLR5组成性激活,进而强烈激活NF-кB,诱导TNF-α的分泌,提示TLR5也是介导天然免疫的受体,但其识别的PAMPs至今未明。本研究中,作者以表达人TLR5和NF-кB反应元件——荧光报告基因的CHO为检测系统,筛选相关PAMPs。发现常见可激活TLR2的 In innate immunity, the host mediates the generation of immune responses and the secretion of related cytokines through the identification of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) in pathogens by Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Flagellin bacterial flagella of the main components and virulence factors, fly, plants, mammals can be identified by the natural immune system. It is known that TLR5 has TLR homology domain and can fuse with CD4 extracellular domain, resulting in the constitutive activation of TLR5, which in turn activates NF-кB and induces the secretion of TNF-alpha, suggesting that TLR5 is also a receptor for innate immunity. However, PAMPs identified so far are unknown. In this study, the authors screened for PAMPs using CHO as a reporter for human TLR5 and NF-кB response elements - a fluorescent reporter. Commonly found to activate TLR2