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目的测定9种滇产药用植物的80%乙醇提取物及石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取部分体外抗菌活性。方法制备9种药材的80%乙醇浸膏及其石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取物,对其进行抗菌活性的筛选。通过微量稀释法测定其最低抑菌浓度(MIC)和最低杀菌浓度(MBC)。结果 9种提取物的醇提物及萃取部分中,大叶藤黄和滇南红厚壳的乙酸乙酯部分、粗糠茶的乙醇浸膏及乙酸乙酯部分对标准金黄色葡萄球菌的活性最好,抑菌圈均为19 mm,MIC分别为128、1024、1024、256μg·ml-1;小叶藤黄的乙酸乙酯部分对铜绿假单胞菌活性最好,抑菌圈为20 mm,MIC为2048μg·ml-1;粗糠茶的乙酸乙酯部分对产超广谱β-内酰胺酶肺炎克雷伯菌的活性最好,抑菌圈为17 mm,MIC>2048μg·ml-1;蓝叶藤的正丁醇部分对标准大肠埃希菌、产超广谱β-内酰胺酶大肠埃希菌、白假丝酵母菌、光滑念珠菌、热带念珠菌、烟曲霉菌的抑菌圈分别为26、28、34、30、15、38 mm,MIC分别为1024、256、512、1024、1024、128μg·ml-1。结论 9种中药中,蓝叶藤的正丁醇部分具有广谱抗菌活性,特别是对烟曲霉菌也有一定的抑制作用。
OBJECTIVE To determine the antimicrobial activity of 80% ethanol extract and petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts of nine medicinal plants from Yunnan. Methods 80% ethanol extract of nine herbs and their petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts were prepared and their antibacterial activities were screened. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined by the microdilution method. Results Among the nine extracts, the contents of ethyl acetate, ethyl acetate extract, and ethyl acetate extract from the crude extracts from the roots of Chamaecyparis obtusifolia and Daphne chinensis, The inhibition zones were 19 mm and MIC were 128, 1024, 1024 and 256 μg · ml-1, respectively. The ethyl acetate fraction of Garcinia cambogia had the best activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the inhibition zone was 20 mm , The MIC was 2048μg · ml-1. The ethyl acetate fraction of Crude bran tea had the best activity to produce extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae with an inhibition zone of 17 mm and a MIC of 2048 μg · ml- 1; n-butanol part of blue leaf vine on standard Escherichia coli, producing extended-spectrum β-lactamase Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis, Aspergillus fumigatus The bacterial loops were 26, 28, 34, 30, 15 and 38 mm respectively, and the MICs were 1024, 256, 512, 1024, 1024 and 128 μg · ml-1, respectively. Conclusion Among the nine kinds of traditional Chinese medicines, the n-butanol part of blue leaf vine has broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, especially against Aspergillus fumigatus.