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针对目前轻型空间相机主承力基板在结构设计过程中难于同时保证重量轻且刚度高的问题,提出了采用拓扑优化设计思想进行设计的方案.通过建立基于变密度方法的拓扑优化设计数学模型,运用Nastran软件对相机主承力基板进行拓扑优化设计,给出了主承力基板的最优设计方案.经过拓扑优化后相机主承力基板质量从初始的36.8 kg降低到15.4 kg,轻量化程度达58.2%.采用有限元分析方法对拓扑优化的结果进行了模态分析,以验证主承力基板刚度分布是否合理.通过0.5 g扫频振动试验对有限元分析结果进行验证,振动试验结果表明,主承力基板结构一阶自然频率理论分析与试验结果偏差1.86%,充分证明理论分析结果的正确性和准确性.整个优化设计过程证明,采用拓扑优化设计方法大大提高了研制效率,增强了空间相机主承力基板结构的性能,有效降低了基板的重量,满足系统设计要求.
Aiming at the problem that the main bearing substrate of light space camera is difficult to ensure the light weight and high stiffness in the process of structural design at the same time, a design scheme based on topological optimization design is proposed.By establishing a mathematical model of topological optimization based on variable density method, Nastran software was used to optimize the design of the main bearing substrate of the camera, and the optimal design of the main bearing substrate was given.After topological optimization, the quality of the main bearing substrate of the camera was reduced from 36.8 kg to 15.4 kg, Up to 58.2% .Finally, the finite element analysis was used to analyze the topology optimization results to verify whether the stiffness distribution of the main bearing was reasonable.Finally, the results of finite element analysis were verified by 0.5 g swept vibration test, and the results of vibration test , The first-order natural frequency of the main load-bearing structure of the theoretical analysis and test results deviate 1.86%, fully proved the theoretical analysis of the correctness and accuracy of the entire optimization design process shows that the use of topology optimization design method greatly enhance the development efficiency and enhance Space camera main bearing structure of the substrate, effectively reducing the weight of the substrate to meet the system Design requirements.