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目的考察绝经前、绝经过渡期和绝经后的卵巢大小、窦状卵泡数与骨密度的变化。方法收集2010年12月-2015年3月在该院门诊以月经异常、绝经综合征等就诊的妇女165例,根据是否绝经分3组:绝经前组58例,绝经过渡期组53例和绝经后组54例。结果 3组的卵巢大小、窦状卵泡数、雌二醇(E2)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)、腰椎骨、股骨颈和粗隆间的骨密度差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);与绝经前组比,绝经过渡期组和绝经后组的卵巢大小降低、窦状卵泡减少、E2降低,FSH和LH增高,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),腰椎骨、股骨颈和粗隆间的骨密度不同程度降低,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);与绝经过渡期组比,绝经后组的骨密度显著降低、卵巢大小降低和窦状卵泡减少,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),腰椎骨、股骨颈和粗隆间的骨密度不同程度降低,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),E2有降低趋势,FSH和LH有增高趋势,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论绝经前、绝经过渡期和绝经后的卵巢大小、窦状卵泡数与骨密度均有不同程度的降低,有必要在绝经过渡期和绝经后给予卵巢功能和骨质的积极干预。
Objective To investigate the changes of ovarian size, number of sinusoid follicles and bone mineral density in premenopausal, postmenopausal transition and postmenopausal women. Methods A total of 165 women with abnormal menstruation and menopause syndrome were enrolled in this clinic from December 2010 to March 2015. According to whether menopause were divided into three groups, 58 were in premenopausal group, 53 in menopausal group and 53 were menopause After the group of 54 cases. Results There were statistically significant differences in ovarian size, number of antral follicles, estradiol (E2), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), lumbar vertebra, femoral neck and intertrochanter between the three groups (P <0.05). Compared with the premenopausal group, the ovary size, the antral follicle decreased, the E2 decreased, and the FSH and LH increased in the menopausal and postmenopausal groups (all P < 0.05). BMD of lumbar vertebra, femoral neck and intertrochanter decreased to some extent (all P <0.05). Compared with menopausal transitional group, BMD of postmenopausal group was significantly lower than that of menopausal group (P <0.05). The BMD of the lumbar vertebra, femoral neck and intertrochanter decreased to some extent, the differences were statistically significant (all P <0.05), and the difference was statistically significant There is a downward trend, FSH and LH increased trend, but the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). Conclusions Premenopausal, menopausal transitional and postmenopausal ovarian size, sinusoid follicles and bone mineral density have varying degrees of reduction, it is necessary in the menopausal transitional period and postmenopausal ovarian function and bone to provide positive intervention.