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郁达夫的短篇小说《沉沦》可以作为思想史文本来解读。小说的主人公“我”在空虚孤独中,发现了自然的身体,进而激发了欲望的身体,当欲望的身体得不到满足,“我”把原因归咎于欲望对象与自己不是一个民族,而自己民族所属的国家是弱国,因而得不到欲望对象的青睐。此时“我”的政治身体凸显,进而希望祖国富强,自己的身体欲望才能得到满足。“我”在身体的煎熬中,以切身感受的方式,产生了强烈的民族和国家观念。在近代中国,个人身体始终被工具化的看待,身体(个人)必须服从于国家的富强和发展。对个体来说,民族国家观念可以通过“知识-权力”之下身体的自我规训的感受中产生。
Yu Dafu’s short story “Degradation” can be interpreted as the text of the history of ideas. The protagonist of the novel “I ” discovered the natural body in emptiness and loneliness, which in turn stimulated the body of desire. When the body of desire can not be satisfied, “I ” attributed the object of desire to oneself is not a Nationality, and their own nation belongs to a weak state, and therefore not the desire of the object of all ages. At this moment, the political body of “I” is prominent, and I hope that my motherland will become prosperous and strong and my own body desire will be satisfied. “I ” in the body’s suffering, to personal experience, has created a strong national and state ideas. In modern China, the personal body has always been instrumentalized, and the body (individual) must obey the country’s prosperity and development. For the individual, the idea of a nation-state can arise from the body’s self-discipline of feeling under “knowledge-power.”