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目前,每年吸烟可引起大约5～6百万人死亡,其中吸烟引起的癌症死亡占所有癌症死亡总数的30%以上。烟草中的成瘾成分尼古丁和其衍生的致癌物质亚硝胺可以通过激活尼古丁乙酰胆碱受体(nicotinic acetylcholine receptor,nAChRs)而导致癌症的发生。尼古丁在支气管上皮细胞可通过氧化应激反应而引起DNA损伤,此外,尼古丁可诱发肿瘤的发生,但其在致癌方面的作用尚不明确。本文就近几年nAChRs与烟草相关癌症发生、发展的研究进展进行综述。
Currently, about 5-6 million people die of smoking annually, of which 30% are cancer-causing deaths caused by smoking. Nicotine, an addictive ingredient in tobacco, and nitrosamine, a carcinogen derived from it, can cause cancer by activating the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChRs). Nicotine can cause DNA damage in bronchial epithelial cells through oxidative stress reaction. In addition, nicotine can induce tumor occurrence, but its role in carcinogenesis is not yet clear. This review summarizes the recent progress of nAChRs in the development and progression of cancer associated with tobacco.